Abstract
The electronic structure of fullerene (C 60) deposited on calcium (Ca) was investigated using in-situ ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. The energy level alignment at the C 60/Ca interface was estimated by combining both shifts of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level and of the vacuum level during the step-by-step deposition of C 60 on Ca. The HOMO level of C 60 shows shifts relating to band-bending, resulting in an electron injection barrier of 0.2 eV with accumulation contact with the Ca substrate. The vacuum level reveals an interface dipole of 1.11 eV with negative poles on the C 60 side. Noticeably, gap states are formed at the interface region, which might pin the Fermi level and be responsible for the formation of the interface dipole. The complete interfacial energy level diagram of C 60/Ca is presented.
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