INTENSITAS PEMANFAATAN ZONA PELABUHAN DALAM HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN KELESTARIAN EKOSISTEM PERAIRAN DANGKAL DI TAMAN WISATA PERAIRAN (TWP) GILI MATRA

Abstract

Marine area surrounding the islands in Gili Matra Marine Park provides a space for marine transportation, fishing and tourism activities. An increase in number of visitors implies more intensive use of the marine areas that can promote potential conflicts among the users. This study provides an analysis to asses the carrying capacity of several zones dedicated for marine transportation, i.e. ports and their adjacent waters, in 2019 and 2013. The ports support local people and visitors mobility around the islands and connection between the islands and the mainlands, such as Lombok and Bali islands. Field activities was carried out to directly observe Gili Indah village from September 2013 to January 2015, including collection of data on local population and visitors. This study applied a geographical analysis on satellite historical images published by Google Earth (August 2009 and September 2013) to obtain data on the number, distribution and size of transportation vessels, and usage of the zones. Significant increase in number of visitors was observed while local population has been leveling off since 2012. The port zones were intensively utilized during the observed peak season; the boat density reached 3, 1, 2 boats per 10 meters shorelines in Gili Air, Meno and Trawangan, respectively. It is recommended that each boat should be provided at least 5 meters of shoreline. Hence, the maximum number of boats that can be accommodated at one time in the port zones at Gili Air, Meno (3 ports) and Trawangan (2 ports) are 48, 25 and 38 units, respectively.Limit on accommodation facilities and number of boats in each zone can be used to control potential conflict in among marine users and threats to coral reefs or other marine attractions andsafety of visitors.