Integration Opportunities of Power-to-Gas and Internet-of-Things Technical Advancements: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

As renewable electricity integration generates grid-balancing challenges for network operators, new ways of grid resilience receive significant attention from the energy research community. Power-to-gas (P2G) applications could produce and use green hydrogen. Thus, they enable the integration of more renewable energy into the energy system. Meanwhile, Internet-of-things (IoT) solutions could optimize renewable energy applications in decentralized systems. Despite the strategic importance of both technologies in renewable-rich grid developments, opportunities for P2G advancements based on IoT and related solutions have not come to the forefront of renewable energy research. To fill in this research gap, this study presents a hybrid (thematic and critical) systematic literature review to explore how strategic co-specialization opportunities appear in recent publications. Findings suggest that P2G and IoT could be fundamentally linked within the proposed frameworks of multi-energy systems and energy internet, but further empirical research is needed regarding their operative and strategic integration (e.g., cost reduction, risk management and policy incentives).