Integrated waste-free technology for the utilisation of acid tar

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The significance of acid tar processing lies in the fact that it affects the environmental safety of both industrial regions and the planet overall. The purpose of this study was to utilise acid tar from storage ponds using conventional methods and membrane technology that uses the unique properties of pervaporation membranes. The current state of petroleum waste processing in the EU and Ukraine was reviewed and analysed. The study proposed a comprehensive waste-free disposal of petrochemical waste of the second class of environmental hazard – acid tar. The issue of multiple storage ponds around the world was outlined. The study addressed economically viable and promising aspects of obtaining secondary processing products. Technological stages of acid tar processing, both conventional and using membrane processes, were proposed. The physical and chemical parameters of pond acid tar and its group composition were presented in detail. A four-stage stage of acid tar utilisation was proposed. The study highlighted the physicochemical parameters after the deasphalting stage and the stage of deasphalting agent after the second deasphalting. At the stage of selective purification, a pervaporation membrane apparatus was used. The membrane technology for purification of acid tar from petroleum products with their subsequent fractional separation was presented. Based on the findings of the study on acid tar processing, the target products were obtained: lubricants, briquetted solid fuel, resins, and purified process water. It was emphasised that the specified temperature regimes for each stage should be observed: for the neutralisation and deasphalting stage, the temperature is 60-70°C; the selective purification stage requires maintenance within 50-60°C; the lubricant production stage – 100-120°C; pond water treatment stage – 30-35°С. The study proved an increase in the content of the lubricant fraction in stage-by-stage processing of acid tar for storage ponds. The study experimentally confirmed the production of pure components with the possibility of further use. The complete purification of pond water from organic impurities was demonstrated