Abstract
The implementation challenge of ecosystem-based (fisheries) management (EB(F)M) has entailed calls for integrated governance (IG) approaches in the marine field. We arranged an expert workshop to study the preconditions and applicability of IG, and to suggest how IG could be arranged in practice. Focusing on the management of the dioxin problem shared by the herring and salmon fisheries in the Baltic Sea, and using a coupled ‘insight network’- SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) methodology, we evaluated two scenarios: 1) IG of herring and salmon fisheries to benefit from collaboration between these fisheries that suffer from the same problem, and 2) IG between the fisheries sector and the food/public health sector to incorporate food safety in fisheries governance. Our results demonstrate that a variety of societal, political, institutional, operational, instrumental, and biological factors affect the applicability of IG in marine contexts, and work as preconditions for IG. While societal needs for IG were obvious in our case, as major challenges for it we identified the competing cross-sectoral objectives, path dependencies, and limitations of experts to think and work across fields. The study suggests that establishing an IG framework by adding new aspects upon the current governance structures may be easier to accept and adapt to, than creating new strategic or advisory bodies or other new capacities. Viewing IG as a framework for understanding cross-sectoral issues instead of one that requires a defined level and form of integrated assessment and management may be a way towards social learning, and thereby towards the implementation of more sophisticated, open and broad EB(F)M frameworks.
Highlights
The need for integrated approaches in marine environmental and fisheries governance has been widely acknowledged [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Focusing on the management of the dioxin problem shared by the herring and salmon fisheries in the Baltic Sea, and using a coupled ‘insight network’- SWOT methodology, we evaluated two scenarios: 1) integrated governance (IG) of herring and salmon fisheries to benefit from collaboration between these fisheries that suffer from the same problem, and 2) IG between the fisheries sector and the food/public health sector to incorporate food safety in fisheries governance
Our results demonstrate that a variety of societal, political, institutional, operational, instrumental, and biological factors affect the applicability of IG in marine contexts, and work as preconditions for IG
Summary
The need for integrated approaches in marine environmental and fisheries governance has been widely acknowledged [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The call for integrated governance (IG) stems from the implementation challenge of ecosystem-based (fisheries) management (EB(F)M) that entails viewing complex problems in their environmental and social context [7]. In the marine and adjacent fields, research on and application of the concept of IG is still scarce. The topic has been discussed e.g. in the context of marine spatial planning [11] and the multi-use of seas in general [12], as well as the regionalization of EU marine governance [13]. Et al [2] and Stephenson et al [5] elaborated guidelines for the shift towards IG in the marine context
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