Abstract
Spatially patterned hydrogels are becoming increasingly popular in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue repair because of their ability to guide cell infiltration and migration. However, postfabrication technologies are usually required to spatially pattern a hydrogel, making these hydrogels difficult to translate into the clinic. Here, an injectable spatially patterned hydrogel is reported using hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based particle hydrogels. These particle hydrogels are sequentially loaded into a syringe to form a pattern and, once injected, they maintain the pattern. The applicability of this hydrogel in a wound healing skin model, a subcutaneous implant model, as well as a stroke brain model is examined and distinct patterning in all models tested is shown. This injectable and spatially patterned hydrogel can be used to create physical or biochemical gradients. Further, this design can better match the scaffold properties within the physical location of the tissue (e.g., wound border vs wound center). This allows for better design features within the material that promote repair and regeneration.
Highlights
Patterned hydrogels are becoming increasingly popular in the field surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) to promote new tissue deposition.[3,4] In the brain, injury causes of regenerative medicine and tissue repair because of their ability to guide cell matrix degradation, and the infiltration and migration
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a heterogeneous network meric hydrogels containing physical and bioactive cues have of biopolymers including complex proteins and sulfated and been developed as ECM mimics.[7]
We show that spatial patterning of granular hydrogel materials can be achieved by taking advantage of jammed layered particle structures, which when injected at appropriate flow rates, retain their layered structures after injection and anneal into the subcutaneous space, skin wounds, and brain stroke wounds, demonstrating the versatility of the approach
Summary
Injectable and Spatially Patterned Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Hydrogels for Tissue Repair Applications. In the outer red region, the majority of μgels mixed in were from the middle green region, similar to the results found in vitro With these results, we are able to achieve a spatially patterned injectable hydrogel with three distinct regions in vivo using a subcutaneous implant model. It was shown that a variety of building blocks can be used to create MAP hydrogels and the spatial presentation of the building blocks can be controlled to create layers Both sequential injections and single injections can be used to establish gradients of different colored MAP subunits in vitro and in three models in vivo, wound healing, subcutaneous space, stroke cavity. A variety of gradients can be created using this hydrogel technique as the MAP subunits are highly tunable
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