Initial material for breeding drought-resistant varieties of spring barley in the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region

I Yu Zaytseva,L.V Mamaeva,L P Kokina,E V Dyagileva,I N Shchennikova,S Knyazev,O Loretts,O Panfilova,V Kukhar,M Tsoy

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202125401022

Abstract

Water scarcity has a significant impact on plants, quality and quantity of crops. On the soils of the northeast of European Russia, instability of precipitation is one of the main factors negatively affecting barley productivity. To assess the drought tolerance level, we used the RSR (root-to-shoot ratio) indicator, which shows the relative redistribution of fluxes of plastic substances between root and aerial organs. Evaluation of 57 collection accessions of spring barley of various ecological and geographical origins was carried out. As a result of the research, sources of breeding of valuable traits were identified for further breeding work on the creation of barley varieties adaptive to the conditions of the Volga-Vyatka region. The accessions Bonita, Bionic, Cooper, Danuta, 752A, NCL 95098, local sample from India (k-3506), Odessky 115, Rodos, Kazminsky, Polarny 14, Adam, Bear, Medicum 11, Irbe (PR-3528), Mie, 121–13, and C-105 are characterized by resistance to osmotic stress at the early stages of organogenesis. For further breeding work drought-resistant varieties NCL 95098, Cooper, Bonita, Danuta, Mie, Rodos, Kazminsky, Adam, Bear, Medicum 11, Irbe (PR-3528), 752A, Polarny 14, and C-105, distinguished by the elements of plant productivity, are advisable to use taking into account their positive qualities. The rest of the drought-resistant accessions are recommended to be included in crosses with varieties having higher productivity.

Highlights

Water shortage is a problem facing modern agriculture
The Volga-Vyatka region is considered a zone of sufficient humidification; one of the main factors negatively affecting barley yields is the instability of precipitation with a 3-5-fold deviation from the average annual norm, as well as an increase in average monthly temperatures during growing season, which significantly increase the stress pressure on plants [3, 4, 5]
Fifty seven collection accessions of spring barley of various ecological and geographical origins obtained from the world collection of All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetics Resources named after N.I

Summary

Introduction

Water shortage has a great impact on plants, on the quality and quantity of yield. Drought and desertification cause an annual global loss of $42 billion in agriculture. Due to the weak development of the root system, barley does not tolerate spring drought [6, 7]. The suppression of the root system due to drought is one of the main reasons for the decrease in yield, as plants lose the ability to provide themselves with moisture and necessary minerals, the sensitivity of leaves is increased, normal conditions of photosynthesis and carbon nutrition are violated, the period of grain filling and the grain mass is restricted, etc. Seminal roots play a major role, which determine the initiation and growth of nodal roots [4]

Methods

Results

Conclusion