Inhibitory Potential of Molecular Mechanism of Pathogenesis with Special Reference to Biofilm Inhibition by Chemogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

Abstract

Principles of nanoscience and nanotechnology principles has received recent attention in biofilm inhibition strategy. Biofilm - notable microbial growth as cell aggregates on a solid surface is found to be highly susceptible to nanoparticles treatment, which leads to the development of nanoparticles as an effective antimicrobial. In this present study, the anti-biofilm effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against human pathogenic strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus was carried out by microtitre plate spectrophotometric assay. The effect of nanoparticles on the biochemical composition like total carbohydrates (TC), and total protein (TP) of the biofilm matrix was carried out. Biocompatibility or non-target toxic effect was also studied by the determination of cytotoxicity on Vero cells. Results show that the chemical reduction method brought about highly stable nanostructural particles with a size range of 80-90 nm. An anti-biofilm study indicates that the biofilm of both the tested strain was highly susceptible to the nanoparticle treatment as dose-dependent manner. Drastic reduction of total carbohydrates and total protein of the biofilm matrix of tested bacterial strains was observed in nanoparticles treatment. Biocompatibility study with Vero cells reveals that the nanoparticle's treatment was not shown any sign of cytotoxic effect at all the tested dosages, and no sign of apoptosis was observed. The present study implies that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles in this present study can be used as an anti-bacterial agent against life-threatening disease-causing organisms.