Abstract
Coconut is one of the industrial plants that plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. The part of coconut that has a high economic value is the coconut shell. This study aims to see the maximum temperature of the coconut shell pyrolysis reactor and to examine the spectrum pattern of charcoal purified using the activation of hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (CH3COOH), nitric acid (HNO3) and hot water (H2O). The process steps are pyrolysis process carried out at a temperature of ± 310 °C for 2 hours and activation using 4 types of solvents with different acidity levels, soaking for 12 hours. Infrared spectra pattern testing using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results of the pyrolysis process produce charcoal, liquid smoke, tar and condensed gases. The spectral pattern of each purified charcoal was analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results of the analysis showed that the spectral pattern of activated charcoal showed a spectral pattern with a low level of impurity absorption, namely the spectral pattern of charcoal using HCl activator at a concentration of 2 M.
Highlights
In North Sulawesi, especially in Kauditan Village, North Minahasa Regency, coconut shells produced from copra farmers are only used as fuel in the process of processing coconuts into copra, as well as fuel for grilling fish or other food ingredients, there are still many people who sell coconut shells at low prices. which is relatively cheap, whereas if the coconut shell is further processed it will create added value from the coconut commodity
The coconut shell charcoal resulting from pyrolysis is cleaned from the attached coir charcoal using a knife, the charcoal is mashed into powder by pounding it using a porcelain mortar
The coconut shells used in this study came from Kauditan Village, Kauditan District, North Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, which is the residue of making copra from people's plantations
Summary
In North Sulawesi, especially in Kauditan Village, North Minahasa Regency, coconut shells produced from copra farmers are only used as fuel in the process of processing coconuts into copra, as well as fuel for grilling fish or other food ingredients, there are still many people who sell coconut shells at low prices. which is relatively cheap, whereas if the coconut shell is further processed it will create added value from the coconut commodity. Which is relatively cheap, whereas if the coconut shell is further processed it will create added value from the coconut commodity. One of the processed coconut shell products that have prospects is charcoal which is a raw material in making briquettes which in the process can be processed as activated carbon. Coconut shell is good for charcoal because it has good hardness, high levels of bound carbon and low mineral ash content. When coconut shell is pyrolyzed, the main product is charcoal with volatile components, water and ash as a by-product. Charcoal components consist of bound carbon, ash, water, nitrogen, and sulfur. Most of the charcoal pores are still covered with hydrocarbons, tar, and other organic compounds still contain inorganic elements, namely magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (Al), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Iron (Fe) [1]
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