Influência dos programas Pró-Saúde e PET-Saúde no processo de trabalho da Atenção Básica na perspectiva dos preceptores

Abstract

Reorienting the training of health professionals to meet the needs of the new profile of workers desired by the Brazilian public health system (SUS) is a challenge for both the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education. To overcome this challenge, both ministries signed a partnership and instituted the National Program for the Reorientation of Professional Training in Health (Pro-Saude) and the Education Through Work in Health Program (PET-Saude). The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of Pro and PET-Saude on the primary care work process from the perspective of preceptors. This is a cross-sectional study with 43 preceptors, with or without financial assistance, from nine of the Family Health Centers participating in the programs. The instrument for data collection was divided into two parts, the first composed of demographic, academic, and professional variables, and the second by a Likert scale with 32 statements distributed across four dimensions. The instrument's content validation considered semantic, cultural, and conceptual equivalences, attribution of points (from 1 to 4), and randomization of assertions. The score was based on three intervals: from 1 to 1.99; 2 to 2.99; 3 to 4: danger, alert and comfort zones, respectively. Dispersion through linear correlation showed a loss of four assertions (12.5%) and a reliability of 0.92. Excel was used for data entry and analysis. The results indicated that the preceptors had a satisfactory perception in relation to the concept and characterization of the work process, however, they were more critical in the answers about the influence of Pro and PET-Saude on primary care. The practice of the preceptorship of Pro and PET-Saude is a valuable experience, with many possibilities and challenges. Doctors, teachers, preceptors with financial assistance, and those with more than three years in this activity had perceptions in the comfort zone, regarding the influence of Pro and PET-Saude and the changes in the work process in primary care, and in the teaching-service-community partnership. Keywords: Preceptorship. Training human resources. Primary health care.