Abstract
The nanometer (nm) inhomoseneity caused by the incorporation of Curie temperature shifters, for example, Pb2+ or Sr2+ ions, is being suggested to occur in the BaTiO3 ferroelectric ceramics. This will result in the phase transition being diffused into a region called Curie temperature region, and the transition temperature should be expressed by an average Curie temperature. The relationships of average Curie temperature with the doping amount of shifting ions are: 120+400x °C (x≤0.5). for (PbxBa1−x)TiO3 (PBT): and 120-(2200/7)x °C (x≤0.7) for (SrxBa1−x)TiO3 (SBT). Furthermore, the nanometer inhomogeneity brings about the diffusing of phase transition and the lowering of both the jump temperature and the positive temperature coefficient (PTC). The enveloping functions of extreme value of resistivity are obtained. The influences are estimated through numerical calculation. Finally, the phenomenon encountered by Kuwabara et al. and the series curves obtained by Andrich, are explained.
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