Influenced of Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3 concentration on the structural, optical and magnetic properties of lead-free Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials

Abstract

Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3-modified Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials were synthesized by using simple sol-gel route method. The X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering spectra indicated that the Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3 materials formed a solid solution with Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3 concentration of up to 9 mol%. The diffusion of impurity cations and random incorporation into host lattice of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials resulted in distortion structural of host crystal. The optical band gap energy of Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials decreased from 3.07 eV to 2.72 eV for 9 mol.% Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3-modified Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials as solid solution. Room-temperature ferromagnetism was achieved in Bi(Ti1/2Ni1/2)O3-modified Bi1/2Na1/2TiO3 materials, thereby extending their applications. This work demonstrated a new method for integrating ferromagnetic properties in green ferroelectric materials for next-generation smart electronic devices.