Abstract
The processes of the formation of the positive and negative plates in lead batteries are slow because during the flow of the electric current through them a converting of one type of solid phase into another is done. In the formation of the plates in lead batteries there run reactions of decomposition of water from the electrolyte by separating hydrogen on the negative plates and oxygen on the positive ones. This paper presents the results of a research on the impact of the ultrasonic waves on the composition and structure of the positive and negative plates in lead-acid batteries during their formation. It is established that when applying ultrasonic waves during the formation, a high content of PbO2 is formed at the positive plates which facilitates the separation of the absorbed gas layers of the slab and reduces the voltage of the cells. The application of ultrasonic waves during the formation creates conditions for an effective operation of the crystallization processes of the solid phases in the plates, thus shortening the time for the formation of the positive and negative plates in lead batteries and reducing the energy consumption.
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