Abstract
The gigahertz transverse electromagnetic (GTEM) cell has been widely adopted to calibrate the detection sensitivity of ultra-high-frequency (UHF) sensors, which are used in the online monitoring and live detecting of the partial discharge (PD) for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS). Unlike the GTEM cell used in the traditional electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests, a measurement aperture is opened at the top of the GTEM cell used in the calibration of UHF sensors. In this paper, the influences of the position and the size of the measurement aperture on the electrical characteristics of GTEM cell were studied, by means of simulations based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. For a GTEM cell with the size of 3.62 m×2.03 m×1.34 m, it was advised that the distance from the measurement aperture to the feed point of radio-frequency source and the diameter of the measurement aperture should be designed as 3m and less than 300mm, respectively. Measuring results of the voltage standing-wave ratio (VSWR) and the characteristic impedance using a vector network analyzer verified the effectiveness of design. Finally, the effective height curve of a 50 mm monopole antenna was measured using the designed GTEM cell, which was in good agreement with its theoretical curve.
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