Abstract
Providing bees with benign and sufficient protein feeds is the key to successful beekeeping. Protein feed significantly affects on certain functions of individuals and the vital activity and productivity of the bee colonies. So, as a result of increased consumption of protein feed during the first days of life the supply of proteins in the body significantly increases in young bees, hypopharyngeal glands and other organs become developed, which provides the ability to perform various tasks depending on age and living conditions. Older bees consume protein for tissue renewal with new cells and metabolic processes. Bees raised on low protein feeds become physiologically defective and do not live long. In conditions of protein starvation, brood rearing stops and bees throw larvae out of their cells. The article presents the results of studying the effect of using soy flour and its processed products in bee feeding on the essential amino acids content in their body. It was found that the use of soy peptone in bee feeding contributes to a greater accumulation of essential amino acids in the bees body in different periods of their development, in compared to soy milk, defatted soy flour and roasted soy flour which indicates a higher efficiency of its use as partial substitutes for protein feeds.
Highlights
Productivity of bee colonies largely depends on the influence of exogenous factors
The difference between the groups was only in bees feeding: the first control group was fed by powdered sugar at 250 g/day, in the form of a doughy mass; the second experimental group was fed by powdered sugar at 250 g/day and 5 % soy peptone; the third experimental group was fed by powdered sugar at 250 g/day and 5 % soy milk; the fourth experimental group was fed by powdered sugar at 250 g/day and 5 % defatted soy flour; the fifth experimental group was fed by powdered sugar at 250 g/day and 5 % roasted soy flour
It was found that the use of soy peptone in bee feeding during different periods caused changes in the amount of lysine accumulation in the body
Summary
Productivity of bee colonies largely depends on the influence of exogenous factors. The most important of them are: the presence of a honey base, climatic conditions, environmental ecology and more. Bees experience a particular shortage of feed in early spring During this period, as a rule, a few honey plants blooming and the weather conditions do not always allow bees to fly out of hive. As a rule, a few honey plants blooming and the weather conditions do not always allow bees to fly out of hive In this case, protein feed reserves are quickly exhausted, which leads to a growth delays and development of bee colonies (Pendolovskij, 1987; Polishhuk, 2001). Amino acids are used to build their own body, and in milk form are used to feed the brood (larvae) and queen (Dejneka, 1997; Birman et al, 2000; Ivchenko, 2005). In addition to participating in metabolic processes, some of amino acids that enter to the body with food are used for energy purposes in honey bees (Sinickij & Levchenko, 1973)
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