Amino acid content in the grain of naked oats under various cultivation conditions

Abstract

The results of studying the formation of yield and amino acid content in the grain of naked oats varieties of different ripeness groups under the influence of different sowing dates are presented. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 in field and laboratory experiments on the medium early Gavroche variety and the mid ripening Ofenya variety in Western Siberia. A significant advantage of early sowing dates of naked oats varieties has been revealed: the Gavroche variety has an average of 25.9-29.6%, the Ofenya variety has 16.2-21.6% relative to later dates. At the same time, a significantly higher yield was formed in the mid ripening variety Ofenya, by 0.1-0.4 t/ha. A greater number of essential amino acids in the Gavroche variety was noted at a late sowing period – 4.51% (at an early and average term of 4.39 and 4.45%, respectively), and interchangeable amino acids – at an early term – 8.83% (at an average and late – 7.80 and 8.46%, respectively). In the Ofenya variety, the content of essential amino acids was 4.82-6.49 g/kg, interchangeable 7.28-9.49%. At the same time, this variety has a tendency to increase the quantitative composition of amino acids in the grain from the early sowing period to the late one. Differences in the influence of moisture conditions on the accumulation of amino acids in the varieties of naked oats were revealed. The highest content of essential and interchangeable amino acids in the medium-ripened variety Ofenya is formed at elevated values of the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) in the period of seedling – tillering (r = 0.9467 ... 0.9999 at R = 0.6660), reduced values in the period of booting – flowering (r = -0.9338...-0.9987 at R = 0.6660), with an increase in HTC during the filling – ripening period (r = 0.4335... 0.7888 at R = 0.6660). In the early-maturing Gavroche variety, a higher content of essential amino acids was noted at an early sowing period under conditions of low values of HTC during the period of seedling – tillering, increased - during the period of booting-flowering and arid conditions of the period of filling–ripening - r = -0.8812, 0.8626, -0.6087 at R = 0.6660, respectively. The high content of interchangeable amino acids in the Gavroche variety was formed at late periods in the years with reduced values of HTC during the period of seedling – tillering, the presence of precipitation during flowering and their absence during the period of filling-ripening (r = -0.8287, 0.8068, -0.6860 at R = 0.6660, respectively).