Зміни біологічної цінності м’яса курчат-бройлерів під впливом гамма-ГХЦГ

Abstract

Introduction . The danger that may arise from the use of pesticides in agriculture, attracts many scientists. Organochlorine pesticides DDT and gamma-HCH have the ability to accumulate in plant production. Most CO have half-lives in soil for more than 1.5 years. A number of pesticides can migrate to groundwater. Then with foods they can get into the meat. Upon receipt of pesticides in a living organism is damage to cell membranes due to lipid peroxidation, disrupt metabolism, which leads to deterioration of the quality of the meat. Analysis of recent researches and publications. The modern science of human nutrition comes from the fact that animal products which are used in food, you get only from healthy animals with normal metabolism. There remains little known issue determining biological values slaughter products derived from poultry in the diet which, together with the grain in small amounts of pesticides can come. Purpose . Determine the content and replacement of essential amino acids in the meat of broiler chickens on condition pesticide gamma-HCH. Metods . For research was formed three groups of broiler chickens cross "Cobb-500" 5-day age of 10 individuals each. Chickens two research groups were fed food with pesticide concentration of gamma-HCH 0.1 and 0.3 mg / kg feed, respectively. The control group received a normal diet. After 38 days spent slaughter poultry. In samples taken from the chest and thigh muscles were tested on the device amino acids Amino Acid Analyzar AAA400 (INGOS, Praha) according to ISO 13903: 2005, the content of tryptophan - on of ISO 13904: 2005. We used the methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical. The obtained results were treated using a computer program Ms. Excel. Results . We determined the content of essential and essential amino-acids – important indicators of quality and biological value of meat. Usefulness of protein in muscles caused by maintenance and replacement of essential amino acids and their ratio. In white muscle of broiler chickens first experimental group content of essential amino acids was at 2.02%, while the red – 4.5% lower, and the second experimental group is 17% higher in white muscle and 12.3 % lower than in the red, compared with those in the control group. The composition of essential amino-acids was somewhat different: the white muscle of broiler chickens first experimental group content of essential amino-acids was at 3.38%, and other 6.2% lower than in poultry muscle control group. In red muscles of broiler chickens essential amino-acids content was also lower: 5.8% – the first experimental group and 11.6% – in the second, compared with rates of broiler chickens in the control group. Comparative analysis of amino acid composition of muscle broiler chickens of experimental and control groups shows that gamma-HCH pesticide in the body of the bird degrades the amino acid metabolism. In muscle fibers broiler chickens first and second research groups have noted a downward trend of essential amino acids. Reduced levels of amino acids in red and white muscle of broiler chickens is directly proportional with increasing dose. In the second experimental group significantly reduced rates valine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine in red muscle fibers. On the contrary, the downward trend has been less rapid in terms methionine, threonine, phenylalanine and tryptophan in white muscle fibers. In white muscle of broiler chickens of both research groups content of arginine, aspartic and glutamic acid, proline, serine and tyrosine was less than that of the control group of birds. In red muscle poultry research groups found reduction of alanine, arginine, aspartic acid and histidine. Value content of essential amino acids to substitute in red and white muscle of broiler chickens research groups was: the first experimental group - 0.80 and 0.81; the second - 0.80 and 0.79. In the control group, the rate is 0.79 and 0.80. Discussion. 1. Admission to the body broiler chickens pesticide gamma-HCH at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3 mg / kg of feed negative impact on amino acid metabolism. 2. The biological value of meat broiler lower on condition of gamma-HCH in their bodies with food. Promising research is the content of fatty acids in muscle, adipose tissue and internal organs of broiler chickens on condition pesticide gamma-HCH with food in order to understand the possibility of reducing the nutritional value of these products.