Abstract
The relevance of the conducted research is determined by the lack of information in the available literature regarding the influence of iron and germanium nanoparticles on lipid exchange indicators in the plasma of sows. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of administering iron and germanium nanoparticles on lipid exchange indicators in the blood of sows before and after farrowing. The experiment was conducted on 24 large white sows, aged 2-3 years, which were divided into two groups (control and experimental). For ten days before farrowing, the sows in the experimental group were administered a complex of micronutrient compounds of iron – 3 mg/day and germanium – 0.01 mg/day. Blood plasma of the animals was used as material for the study, in which specific lipid exchange indicators were determined. The effect of farrowing on the content of triacylglycerols, non-esterified fatty acids, and total cholesterol in the blood plasma of animals was established (F= 33.0–156.0 > FU=2.9; P < 0.001). Before farrowing, there is a restructuring of lipid metabolism in sows, characterized by a decrease in the content of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol, and an increase in the content of non-esterified fatty acids in the blood plasma. It was found that within a day before farrowing, the content of triacylglycerols decreases by 30.6% (P≤0.001), total cholesterol by 18.3% (P≤0.01), and non-esterified fatty acids increase by 1.5 times (P≤0.001). Administering iron and germanium nanoparticles significantly affects the content of triacylglycerols (η²ᵪ=0.53; P≤0.05), total cholesterol (η²ᵪ=0.69; P≤0.01), and non-esterified fatty acids (η²ᵪ=0.50; P≤0.05) in the blood plasma of sows only on the day of farrowing. During this time, in the blood of sows administered metal nanoparticles, the content of triacylglycerols and total cholesterol is higher by 23.7% (P≤0.05) and 11.5% (P≤0.01), respectively, and the content of non-esterified fatty acids is lower by 9.2% (P≤0.05) compared to the indicators of animals in the control group. The prospects for further research lie in the development of modern methods to increase the productivity and resistance of sows using metal nanoparticles.
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