Abstract
The article presents data about influence of seasonal factors on immune reactivity in carp scaly, carp framey, and carp. We studied the blood that was taken from the heart of fish in different seasons: spring (May), summer (August) and autumn (October). The research was carried out at the Lviv department of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Agrarian Science, Velykyj Ljubin in three groups of two-year-old fish. The received data give reason to think that the number of T- and B-lymphocytes in the blood of carp fish and their functional activity to a large extent depends on the influence of seasonal factors (temperature of the medium, oxygen concentration, duration of light day). This is points to the probable increase in the number of T-lymphocytes (common, active, theophylline-sensitive and theophylline-resistant) and a decrease in B-lymphocytes in the blood of investigated fish in the summer and, especially in the autumn period of research. In this case, an increase in the functional activity of T-lymphocytes was revealed due to the redistribution of the receptor apparatus of the immunocompetent cells. In particular, a reduction in the number of blood of inactive T-lymphocytes in functionally and an increase in cells with low and medium receptor density. Regarding the degree of differentiation of B-lymphocytes, the decrease in their amount in the blood of the studied individuals occurred due to the increase of “zero” and low-conductivity EAS-RUL and reduction of the subpopulation with average receptor density. We suggested that the abiotic factors can modulate the immune response of carp fish.
Highlights
Seasonal factors – Is one of the main abiotic influences on living organisms and the environment of their existence
Significant interest is the study of immunobiological reactivity of the cellular link of a specific immune response in carp fish in connection with seasonal factors
The conducted searches showed that the total number of T- and B-lymphocytes, as well as their regulatory populations in the blood of scaly carp, carp framey and carp in the three growing seasons to a large extent depend on seasonal factors
Summary
Seasonal factors – Is one of the main abiotic influences on living organisms and the environment of their existence. By the main abiotic factors of the aqueous medium include temperature, oxygen content, light daytime, feed resources and pH of the aqueous medium (Aspen-Baxter, 2007; Grynevych et al, 2018). The temperature regime is the main abiotic factor. Abiotic environmental factors greatly affect the morphological, immunological and physiological and biochemical features of the carp organism (Hrytsyniak et al, 2008). In conditions of winter fasting in the organism of fish the temperature and resource-deficient stress is developing. The count of white blood cells in fish depends on various abiotic and biotic factors, such as water temperature, ecological stress, age (Holland et al, 2002; Hollick & Chen, 2008). The literature suggests that the fish have the same mechanisms of immunity as mammals, only their manifestation
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