Abstract
The purpose of our research was to determine the effect two different complexes of elements of copper, zinc, iron, manganese, selenium by organic and mineral origin in feeding mixture “SK-4” on growing pigs productivity, metabolic state and mineral deposition in their organs. We formed two groups of growing pigs, 40 heads each, with an average live weight of 13.6 kg at the age of 42 days. In addition to the main diet, the experimental animals were fed by two premixes of enriched mineral (in the form of sulfates) and organic (as chelates) complex of trace elements. In growing period, the pigs from control and experimental groups were kept in equal conditions. Within 56 days of experiments the productivity of animals was depended on feeding, whereas the use of organic complex increased the average daily live weight gain by 6.3% (p≤0.01) with simultaneous decrease in exchange of energy costs by 6.4%. In the experimental group, the feeding with organic form of trace elements contributed to the increase in blood: erythrocytes - by 4.8% (p≤0.01) and hemoglobin - by 15% (p≤0.001) during the whole research period. We proved that the addition of chelate forms to the diet of growing pigs provided greater deposition of trace elements in their organs, which allowed reducing the excretion of trace elements, which is confirmed by the changes in histological sections. The results of our study showed that organic elements were more effective in terms of pigs production and health, and fully meet their needs in essential elements.
Highlights
Iron, copper, manganese, zinc, and selenium are vital trace elements that are part of many vitamins, hormones, enzymes and are the activators of various biologically active systems, play a major role as catalysts for biochemical reactions in the body (Athanasios et al, 2018)
Feed costs for growth of growing pigs Live weight and average daily growth of growing pigs from control and experimental groups was depending on trace element forms, used in feed ration (Table 3)
In pigs, which received complex of organic trace elements in composition of “Bioplex TM” premix, the average daily live weight gain for the period of researches was authentically higher by 6.3% (P < 0.01) in comparison with the control variant
Summary
Copper, manganese, zinc, and selenium are vital trace elements that are part of many vitamins, hormones, enzymes and are the activators of various biologically active systems, play a major role as catalysts for biochemical reactions in the body (Athanasios et al, 2018). Scientists and feed manufacturers are interested in the use of organic forms of compounds of iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium in feeds for farm animals in order to reduce the release of unexplored elements and increase their accumulation in the body (Mazo et al, 2007). This is a targeted effect on metabolic processes in the body to increase productivity and reduce production costs (Lee et al, 2001). The purpose of our research was to determine the impact of two feeding premixes consisted from organic and mineral elements on metabolism and productivity of the growing pigs
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