Influence of metronidazole loaded into silver nanoparticle microcapsules on efficacy of alginate gel in correction of structural and functional disorders of dental support apparatus in rats with periodontitis

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effect of metronidazole loaded into silver impregnated alginate microcapsules on the structural and functional disorders of the dental support apparatus in periodontitis. Material and methods. The studies were carried out on 30 white male rats randomly divided into two groups. Comparison group — 15 animals with an experimental model of periodontitis, which underwent applications of a gel containing microcapsules without additional loading with active substances. The experimental group included 15 animals with periodontitis, which were subjected to applications of gel with microcapsules containing metronidazole on inflamed gums. To assess the morphological changes in the supporting apparatus of the tooth, the mandible was taken with subsequent histological examination. Results. Results. Application of a gel containing microcapsules with silver nanoparticles loaded with metronidazole on the gums of animals with periodontitis leads to partial reduction of structural disorders. Thus, local disorganization of the fibers of the circular ligament of the tooth in the experimental group was observed only 5 cases, signs of limited bone loss — in 2 cases out of 15. In the comparison group, all 15 animals showed bone resorption and in 13 of 15 cases there was diffuse fiber alteration throughout the circumferential ligament of the tooth. Conclusion. The inclusion of alginate microcapsules with silver nanoparticles metronidazole leads to a significant decrease in destructive processes occurring in the near-tooth tissues during periodontitis.