Abstract
Evaluating primary stability is important to predict the prognosis of dental implant treatment. Primary stability is decreased in a low bone density site such as osteoporosis. However, it is difficult to apply in small animal and the effect of the different implant surface topography for the primary stability at low bone density site has not yet fully been investigated. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of implant surface topography on primary stability in a standardized osteoporosis animal model. Six rabbits underwent ovariectomy and administrated glucocorticoid to induce an osteoporosis model. Sham-operations were performed in additional six rabbits. Implants with machined or oxidized-surfaces were inserted into the femur epiphyses and insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured. In sham model, the IT and ISQ did not differ significantly between the both implant. However, the IT value of oxidized-surface implant was significantly higher than that of the machined implant in the osteoporosis model. Meanwhile, ISQ did not significantly differ between the machined and oxidized-surfaced implants. In conclusion, the IT of implants is higher with rough than with smooth surfaces but that there are no differences in ISQ value between different surfaces in a standardized osteoporosis bone reduced rabbit model.
Highlights
Dental implant therapy has been successfully used to replace missing teeth, in healthy bone [1,2]
The insertion torque (IT) value was higher in the sham than osteoporotic (OP) models in both the rough-surfaced and smooth-surfaced groups
The IT value was higher with rough surface topography than smooth surface topography in the osteoporosis model, the implant stability quotient (ISQ) value did not differ significantly between these two groups
Summary
Dental implant therapy has been successfully used to replace missing teeth, in healthy bone [1,2]. The long-term success of implant therapy depends on the achievement of favorable primary stability at implant placement. Primary stability is influenced by various factors, and the two main factors affecting primary stability are density and quantity of bone at the implant site and implant design [3,4]. It is well known that primary stability in low bone density sites is decreased. The problems faced with osteoporosis have received attention in the orthopaedic field and dental implant therapy. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that causes systematic loss of bone density and strength [5]
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