Abstract
Simple SummaryThe effect of linseed feeding on stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity was studied in dairy goats. SCD acts on the synthesis of milk conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs), considered highly important for human health. Linseed feeding significantly changed SCD activity, milk fat, and fatty acid profile; in particular, CLAs were higher in treated animals with potential benefits for human health. Because of the increasing care of consumers for the healthy aspects of foods, results increase the knowledge of beneficial effects of goat milk due to animal nutrition.The effects of linseed feeding on the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity were evaluated on grazing dairy goats divided into two homogeneous groups (C, control, and L, treated) fed the same amount of concentrate which, for group L was supplemented with linseed. Milk yield was unaffected by the treatment. Group L showed significantly higher milk fat (4.10% vs 2.94%, p < 0.01) than group S. Within milk fatty acids, group C showed significantly higher levels of saturated fatty acids and lower values of mono-unsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In group L, total CLAs were higher than in group S (0.646% vs 0.311%; p < 0.01) mainly because of the differences in CLA cis9 trans 11 (0.623% vs 0.304%; p < 0.01). In treated animals, SCD activity, measured as cis9 C14:1/C14:0, was lower than in the control group, mainly in July and August.
Highlights
The inclusion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the diet of ruminants has been associated with the increase of these fatty acids in milk with, referring to omega 3 PUFA, potential advantages for human health [1]
Due to the increasing interest of consumers for the food nutritional characteristics, for fatty acids profile, and taking into account the pivotal role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) in the conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) synthesis, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding linseed to grazing goats on the activity of this enzyme in the mammary gland
The trial was performed on 16 pregnant Cilentana dairy goats (50.0 ± 2.0 kg body weight) in a farm located at Casaletto Spartano, Salerno province (Italy), at 832 m a.s.l., according to the Animal
Summary
The inclusion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the diet of ruminants has been associated with the increase of these fatty acids in milk with, referring to omega 3 PUFA, potential advantages for human health [1]. Incomplete rumen biohydrogenation of linoleic acid (LA, C18:2, omega 6) and α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3, omega 3) involves an increase of conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) isomers [2] which are recognized as anticarcinogenic, anti-atherosclerotic and immunomodulator [3]. Desaturase (SCD) on trans-11 C18:1 (TVA, trans vaccenic acid), an intermediate of rumen PUFAs biohydrogenation. Animals 2019, 9, 786 myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) by a cis double bond between carbons 9 and 10 [4]; according to Lock and Garnsworthy [5], SCD activity can be measured by comparing the product/substrate ratios of those fatty acids. Much attention is paid to linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)
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