Influence of cadmium loading on morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the influence of cadmium sulfate in different doses on the organism of poultry. The purpose of the work was to investigate the effect of cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight on the morphological parameters of blood of the Laying Hens. By the evaluation of the morphological analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of blood, it is possible to deem objectively about the functional state of the hematopoietic system of the body of the bird for cadmium loading. For research were formed three experimental groups: control group and two research groups. The control group chickens were in the usual diet, they were fed with combined feed and drank water without cadmium sulfate. To the drinking water of chickens of experimental groups added cadmium sulfate for 30 days: the first group – 2 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate, the second group – 4 mg/kg body weight of cadmium sulfate. The conditions and microclimate parameters in the room for all keeping chickens groups were similar. Blood from Laying Hens was taken from the subclavian (axillary) vein in the following periods: before taking the drugs and cadmium sulfate, on the first, seventh, fourteenth, twenty-first and thirtieth day of the experiment. Hematologic studies give an opportunity to study in detail the influence of cadmium on the body of chickens, on the basis of which a more correct development of the scheme of treatment and prevention of cadmium toxicity in poultry is possible. Drinking cadmium sulfate in doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight contributed to a decrease in the number of erythrocytes to 2.69 ± 0.13 and 2.36 ± 0.14 T/l, a hemoglobin level of 86.61 ± 1.11 and 72.17 ± 0.73 g/l and an increase in the number of leukocytes to 34.9 ± 0.60 and 35.8 ± 0.66 g/l. Probable changes in morphological parameters are observed on the 21st day of the experiment in the second experimental group of Laying Hens, which were released cadmium sulfate at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight. The hematocrit value represents the ratio between the formed elements and the blood plasma. After chickens drinking with cadmium sulfate at doses of 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight, the hematocrit value gradually decreased. The hematocrit value was low in the second experimental group on day 21 of the experiment, where, respectively, it was 34.11 ± 0.63%.