Abstract
In this study, environmentally friendly ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) based alkali activated materials and basic oxygen furnace slags (BOFs) were used as bonding materials and aggregates, respectively, to produce novel, environmentally friendly GGBFS based porous concrete. Porous concrete with a particle size of 4.75–9.5 mm and 9.5–19.00 mm was used as an aggregate. The “liquid-to-solid ratios” (L/S) variable was set at set at 0.5 and 0.6, and the “percentage of pore filling paste ratio” variable was controlled at 40%, 50%, and 60%. The curing period was set at 28 d, and the relationship between connected porosity and permeability, as well as that between unit weight and the pore filling paste ratio percentage were explored using analysis of variance. The results showed that the porous concrete had a maximum compressive strength of 8.31 MPa. The following results were obtained. An increase in percentage of pore filling paste ratio increased compressive strength. Permeability was measured at 4.67 cm/s and was positively correlated with porosity. An increase in porosity increased permeability, in which porosity was positively correlated with the percentage of pore filling paste ratio. The maximum splitting strength achieved during the 28 d was 1.46 MPa, showing a trend similar to that of compressive strength.
Highlights
Porous concrete—made from zero or traces of fine aggregates, as well as a mixture of coarse aggregates, water, and insufficient cement—is an environmentally friendly paving material [1] that features favorable permeability
By investigating the porous concrete of two different particle sizes, the present study found that the connected porosity of porous concrete with a particle size of 9.5–19.0 mm was higher than that with a particle size of 4.75–9.5 mm
An increase in the percentage of pore filling paste ratio decreased the connected porosity of the porous concrete, which was because the rise in the percentage of pore filling paste ratio resulted in the pores behind being filled by alkali activated materials
Summary
Porous concrete—made from zero or traces of fine aggregates, as well as a mixture of coarse aggregates, water, and insufficient cement—is an environmentally friendly paving material [1] that features favorable permeability. Council to promote green building assessment, porous concrete can reduce the heat island effect on the environment [3] and can be filtered according to water quality for potential re-use [4]. Porous concrete features a porosity and permeability higher than those of regular concrete, enabling rain to be quickly discharged [5]. The compressive strength of porous concrete is primarily decided by the concrete’s porosity, which is determined by its aggregate size, aggregate shape, and water-cement ratio. At a low water-cement ratio and an aggregate particle size of 12.5 mm or 5 mm, the cement slurry can effectively eliminate gaps between aggregate fillings [7]. Porous concrete features a porosity between 18%–35% and a compressive strength between 2.8–28 MPa [8]. Park and Tia [9]
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