Influence of air flow in the lateral areas of a tractor unit on its aerodynamic performance

Abstract

The study highlights the influence of air flow in the lateral areas of N class vehicles on their aerodynamic performance. A tractor unit of a truck assembly was aerodynamically analysed, with an emphasis on the side areas, in the wheels perimeter, zones that generate large turbulence. Mainly, in the construction of trucks, these regions are difficult to cover because they facilitate access to various assemblies (battery, fuel tank etc.). The partial coverage of these areas does not guarantee an aerodynamic gain at the maximum potential, on the contrary, there is the possibility that through an inadequate coverage the aerodynamic performance will be affected. Several CFD simulations were performed at 130 km/h, air velocities, pressures and wake were analysed for different technical configurations to observe the air flow and find the best solution that could improve the aerodynamic coefficient. It will be highlighted the importance of forming a more aerodynamic profile of trucks to reduce drag and also fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.