Influence of a selenium-containing stimulant on the growth, development and yield potential of potato plants (solanum tuberosum)

Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most consumed crops in Kazakhstan. The basis for modern potato cultivation technology is the use of healthy and virus-free material. One of these methods is micropropagation of potato plants in vitro on a nutrient medium. The addition of stimulants to the nutrient medium allows for rapid and healthy plant growth. One of the effective growth stimulants is the selenium-containing drug DAFS 25. It is well known that selenium has a beneficial effect on plant growth, flowering, adaptation to changing environmental conditions and plant resistance to certain diseases. The potato variety Sante (Dutch selection) was chosen for research. This variety is characterized as medium-early, for table use, the taste is good, it has a dense peel. There is a high keeping quality during storage. The article presents the results of the influence of selenium on potato plants in vitro on such biometric indicators as the number of leaves, stem length and root length. Plants grown on a nutrient medium with different concentrations of selenium were planted in the open ground of a closed area. At the end of the growing season, the yield of each plant under study was estimated according to the following indicators: the number of tubers per plant and the mass of tubers. It has been established that selenium favorably affects the development of tubers, adaptation and survival during transplantation, as well as productivity. To exclude the negative effect of viruses on experimental plants, enzyme immunoassay was carried out twice at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. The most effective concentration of selenium on the growth and development of potato plants in vitro was revealed.