Abstract
This chapter discusses the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, which belongs to the Herpesviridae family. Its subfamily is herpesvirinae. The virus causes primarily a respiratory infection or pustular vulvovaginitis and sometimes conjunctivitis, abortion, and encephalitis. The hosts to the virus are primarily cattle; however, there are reports of serological evidence of infection in goats, swine, eastern cottontail rabbits, water buffalos, and East African wildlife. The respiratory form of the virus was first reported in the United States in 1955. The virus was isolated and shortly thereafter the infectious pustular vulvovaginitis form was described. The virus has a wide variety of clinical manifestations and is inapparent and latent. A subunit vaccine has recently been developed for the virus. The diagnostic techniques that have been developed for the virus are isolation of the virus, agar gel immunodiffusion, fluorescent antibody, indirect haemagglutination assay, virus neutralization, complement fixation, and micro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Several reports comparing the various diagnostic methods of the virus are available.
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