Incidence and risk factors of macular edema after cataract surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of macular edema (ME) after cataract surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods From March 2014 to April 2017, 128 cases of cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in Jincheng Ophthalmology Hospital were retrospectively analyzed, of whom 36 cases(36 eyes) without diabetes were A group, 41 patients(41 eyes) with no retinopathy were B group, 51 cases(51 eyes) of T2DM patients with retinopathy were C group.The incidence of ME, the BCVA and the CSMT of the three groups were compared, and the Logistic multiple factor regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of DME after T2DM cataract surgery. Results The incidence rates of ME in A, B and C group were 5.56%, 29.27% and 50.98%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.567, P B group > A group (χ2=4.419, 19.951, all P group B > group C (t=4.950, 2.030, P<0.05). The CSMT after operation in A group, B group and C group was (246.35±23.73)μm, (249.52±20.95)μm and (289.31±43.82)μm, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (F=9.352, P<0.001). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative retinopathy[3.672 (0.261-0.961), P=0.000], preoperative ME[3.862 (0.136-0.769), P=0.001]were independent risk factors for the occurrence of ME after T2DM. Conclusion The incidence of ME is higher after T2DM cataract surgery, and the risk of ME is higher in patients with preoperative ME and preoperative diabetic retinopathy. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Phacoemulsification; Macular edema; Risk factors; Lens implantation, intraocular