In vivo regulation of neurogenesis by axotomy, aging, chronic stress in the neurogenic niche of adult rat brainstem

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event In vivo regulation of neurogenesis by axotomy, aging, chronic stress in the neurogenic niche of adult rat brainstem Emmanuel Moyse1* 1 Universite Aix-Marseille-3, UMR 6231 CNRS, Department of Physiologie Neurovegetative, France A novel neurogenic niche has been unraveled in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) of the adult rat brainstem, which is a multifunctional reflex centre of the autonomic nervous system. 1. Constitutive genesis of new neurons and astrocytes in the DVC was detected in situ by cumulative BrdU injections and multiple immunohistofluorescence (Bauer et al 2005, Chigr et al 2009). 2. The existence of intrinsic neural stem cells was demonstrated by the in vitro “neurosphere assay” on microdissected DVC tissue (Charrier et al 2006). 3. Niche-like radial astrocytes were identified in the rat DVC by immunohistofluorescence and by combining in vivo BrdU labeling with EGF/bFGF infusion into the IVth cerebral ventricle (Pecchi et al 2007). In this model-system, we have identified several in vivo modulations of neurogenesis modulations. Unilateral vagotomy stimulates neurogenic proliferation and progeny migration within DVC, which involves cyclin D1 induction and peaks at 3 days post-lesion to end by one week. Aging effect was assessed by BrdU incorporation assay in 19-month- vs 2-month-old rats; aging decreased the proliferation rate by 70% in the DVC, but enhanced the new neuron production yield by 3-6 times. Chronic immobilization stress in young adult males strongly inhibited DVC proliferation, while the proportion of new neurons among intrinsic progenies was not altered. Conversely, in the subventricular zone (SVZ) / olfactory bulb system of the same rats, neurogenic proliferation was strongly enhanced. These stress-induced, region-specific neurogenesis modulations were confirmed at the level of endogenous stem cell proliferation by neurosphere assays of DVC and SVZ from stressed and control rat cohorts. Adult brain neurogenic systems are thus exquisitely receptive to deleterious challenges on the Mammalian organism. Such phenomena are potentially relevant to human health and clinics, although further basic research is required to identify underlying extrinsic stem-cell regulators. Keywords: Adult neurogeneses, cell cycle control, neurosphere assay, proliferation Conference: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience , Alexandria, Egypt, 13 Dec - 16 Dec, 2009. Presentation Type: Oral Presentation Topic: Symposium 13 – Physiological involvement of neurogenic niches: from stem cells to clinics Citation: Moyse E (2009). In vivo regulation of neurogenesis by axotomy, aging, chronic stress in the neurogenic niche of adult rat brainstem. Front. Neurosci. Conference Abstract: 3rd Mediterranean Conference of Neuroscience . doi: 10.3389/conf.neuro.01.2009.16.058 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 19 Nov 2009; Published Online: 19 Nov 2009. * Correspondence: Emmanuel Moyse, Universite Aix-Marseille-3, UMR 6231 CNRS, Department of Physiologie Neurovegetative, 13331 Marseille, France, emmanuel.moyse@univ-cezanne.fr Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Emmanuel Moyse Google Emmanuel Moyse Google Scholar Emmanuel Moyse PubMed Emmanuel Moyse Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.