In vitro Survival and Growth of Salmonella Typhimurium inoculated on Yolk Membrane after long Term refrigerated Storage of Shell Eggs

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium has been isolated from commercial egg production facilities in the United States. Given its importance as a causative organism for food-borne salmonellosis, identifying approximate timelines for bacterial invasion of the egg is needed. The objective of this study was to examine net growth of S. Typhimurium in egg components over time. In trial 1 eggs were collected over a 24 hour period from a flock of single comb white leghorn hens while in trial 2 eggs were picked up from a commercial laying source once a week over the course of eight weeks and stored. Eggs were held at refrigeration temperature and each week, subsets of eggs were cracked, separated into yolk and albumen components, and inoculated with 108 CFU/ml of novobiocin and nalidixic acid (NO/NA) resistant S. Typhimurium onto the vitelline membrane of the egg. Yolks were then covered with albumen. Eggs were incubated for twenty-four hours at 25°C. After incubation eggs were again separated into albumen, yolk, and vitelline membrane samples. In trial 1, S. Typhimurium net growth occurred in albumen by the second week and continued from 4 to 8 weeks while in trial 2 net growth only occurred at week 5 and 7. S. Typhimurium net growth on vitelline membranes occurred by 2 weeks and continued from 4 to 8 weeks in trial 1 while no net growth occurred in trial 2 over the 8 week period. Yolk samples showed no net increases in S. Typhimurium populations over the 8 week period.