In neutralized medium five new Ca(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Au(III) and Pd(II) complexity of ceftriaxone antibiotic drug: Synthesis, spectroscopic, morphological and anticancer studies

Abstract

A five ceftriaxone antibiotic (ctx) complexes with Ca(II), Zn(II), Fe(III), Au(III) and Pd(II) metal ions were synthesized by 1:1 M ratio between of ceftriaxone hydrated sodium salt (Na2ctx) with CaCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3.6H2O, AuCl3 and PdCl2 metal salts in water–methanol medium. The complexes were well characterized dependent on the microanalytical (C,H, N), molar conductance, (FTIR, Raman, 1HNMR and UV–Vis) spectroscopies, and magnetic measurements. The surface morphology and calculation of particle size of ceftriaxone complexes were performed based on SEM, TEM and X-ray diffraction. Calcium(II), zinc(II), and iron(III) complexes are six-coordinate with distorted octahedral geometry, while gold(III) and palladium(II) are four-coordination mode. The ceftriaxone drug acts as a tetradentate ligand towards five metal ions through N (amino group) and O (triazine, β-lactam carbonyl, and carboxylate groups) with the molecular formulas [Ca(ctx)(H2O)2].5H2O (1), [Zn(ctx)(H2O)2].7H2O (2), [Fe(ctx)(H2O)(Cl)].7H2O (3), [Au(ctx)].Cl. 4H2O (4) and [Pd(ctx)].3H2O (5). The cytotoxicity assays study of gold(III) complex against colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116) and hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2) showed that the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of [Au(ctx)].Cl.4H2O against HepG-2 cell line is 8.53 μg higher than that of HCT-116 cell line 20.5 μg.