Abstract
BackgroundCurrently, most usability benchmarking tools used within the eHealth domain are based on re-classifications of old usability frameworks or generic usability surveys. This makes them outdated and not well suited for the eHealth domain. Recently, a new ontology of usability factors was developed for the eHealth domain. It consists of eight categories: Basic System Performance (BSP), Task-Technology Fit (TTF), Accessibility (ACC), Interface Design (ID), Navigation & Structure (NS), Information & Terminology (IT), Guidance & Support (GS) and Satisfaction (SAT).ObjectiveThe goal of this study is to develop a new usability benchmarking tool for eHealth, the eHealth UsaBility Benchmarking Instrument (HUBBI), that is based on a new ontology of usability factors for eHealth.MethodsFirst, a large item pool was generated containing 66 items. Then, an online usability test was conducted, using the case study of a Dutch website for general health advice. Participants had to perform three tasks on the website, after which they completed the HUBBI. Using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), we identified the items that assess each factor best and that, together, make up the HUBBI.ResultsA total of 148 persons participated. Our selection of items resulted in a shortened version of the HUBBI, containing 18 items. The category Accessibility is not included in the final version, due to the wide range of eHealth services and their heterogeneous populations. This creates a constantly different role of Accessibility, which is a problem for a uniform benchmarking tool.,ConclusionsThe HUBBI is a new and comprehensive usability benchmarking tool for the eHealth domain. It assesses usability on seven domains (BSP, TTF, ID, NS, IT, GS, SAT) in which a score per domain is generated. This can help eHealth developers to quickly determine which areas of the eHealth system’s usability need to be optimized.
Highlights
Usability testing is an important part of the design process of an eHealth service
The goal of this study is to develop a new usability benchmarking tool for eHealth, the eHealth UsaBility Benchmarking Instrument (HUBBI), that is based on a new ontology of usability factors for eHealth
The category Accessibility is not included in the final version, due to the wide range of eHealth services and their heterogeneous populations
Summary
Usability testing is an important part of the design process of an eHealth service. It allows developers to understand how they can improve the interface and interaction design of their technology. It does not consider the domain-specific factors that shape the usability of an eHealth service (e.g., does a patient understand the technical jargon that is used in the service?) This tendency to use general benchmarking instruments for assessing eHealth usability has been common practice for years, and has led to use of generic instruments, such as the SUS [2], Questionnaire for Usability of Interface Satisfaction (QUIS) [3], Post-Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ) [4], SUMI [5] and the Usefulness, Satisfaction and Ease of use (USE) questionnaire [6]. It consists of eight categories: Basic System Performance (BSP), Task-Technology Fit (TTF), Accessibility (ACC), Interface Design (ID), Navigation & Structure (NS), Information & Terminology (IT), Guidance & Support (GS) and Satisfaction (SAT)
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