Abstract
Microstrip patch antennas are attractive for communication applications due to their small size, low cost, and easy fabrication. Regardless of the diverse usage of these antennas, their bandwidth and efficiency are still limited and need to be improved. Therefore, this paper aims to enhance the bandwidth and efficiency of a microstrip antenna by inserting a slot into various patch designs. Flame Retardant (FR4) material is used in the dielectric substrate and the antenna is fed by a microstrip line. Virtually, the antenna performance is attempted to be optimized through empirical investigations of feedline lengths, slot sizes and positions, and ground plane dimensions and locations. To achieve the results, the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) is used, and the paper concludes by showing that the antenna performance is enhanced by the slot, and the return loss is significantly reduced when the ground plane is moved to the front surface of the antenna.
Highlights
The use of microstrip patch antennas in wireless communications is increasing
This paper presented ways to improve the resonance characteristics of a microstrip patch antenna in the Super High Frequency (SHF) band
The study involved the addition of a slot into different patch shapes as well as moving the ground plane to the front side of the antenna
Summary
The use of microstrip patch antennas in wireless communications is increasing. A microstrip patch antenna comprises of a radiating patch on the front surface and a ground plane on the back side. The microstrip antennas possess attractive features including the ease of fabrication and integration with RF devices, low profile, low weight, and low cost [2, 3]. They are suitable for various communication applications such as cellular phones, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags, satellite, Global Positioning System (GPS), missiles, and radar [4, 5]
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