Improvement of Working Volume and Applications of Retractors Used in Surgical Operations

Abstract

Retractor systems are crucial in assisting physicians during surgical operations, ensuring optimal access to the surgical site, holding necessary equipment, and facilitating various procedures such as holding open wounds, stretching tissues, and removing them from the surgery site. Currently, retractors are tailored to specific anatomical regions. For instance, thyroid surgery presents unique challenges due to the gland's location and proximity to vital structures. Accessing the thyroid tissue amid the complexities of the neck region, which includes muscles like sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and omohyoid, requires careful retraction for a safe and effective procedure. The success of thyroid surgery relies on distinguishing the thyroid gland from surrounding structures, precisely determining surgical margins, and ensuring a clear view of the surgical field to mitigate potential complications. In this study, two distinct retractor holder designs, versatile for various operations, were developed and evaluated for their working volume, degrees of freedom in design, and applicability in surgical procedures. These designs aim to contribute to improving surgical outcomes, reducing complications, and general advances in the field of surgical instrumentation