Abstract
It was found that the lowest percentage of cows with mastitis was recorded in winter: 10.3% (P≤0.001) when milking with ‘De Laval’ equipment and 17.7% (P≤0.001) when milking with the ADM-8A unit. The highest incidence of mastitis in cows was observed in summer: 21.0% (P≤0.001) and 27.1% (P≤0.001), respectively, when milking cows at milking parlors ‘De Laval’ and ADM-8A. It was found that, when using milking equipment ADM-8A, adult cows are 2.1-1.7 times more prone to mastitis compared to cows of the 1st and 2nd calving. When milking cows with the ‘De Laval’ unit, the incidence of mastitis in adult cows is 4.3-1.1 times higher than in cows of the 1st and 2nd calving. Gentle milking mode on the ‘De Laval’ equipment allowed to increase the number of completely healthy animals to 74%, which is 9.6% more than when using the milking unit ADM-8A (64.4%), and to reduce the incidence of clinical mastitis in cows by 3.4 times. It has been established that in cows with disorders in the udder the content of somatic cells in the secretion of the udder significantly changes (with a high degree of correlation) in all periods of the functional state of the body. Thus, during subclinical mastitis r=l0.72 (P≤0.001) and udder irritation r=l0.58 (P≤0.05). At the beginning of lactation, subclinical mastitis is accompanied with significant changes in the activity of enzymes: muramidase r=l0.84 (P≤0.001), lactoperoxidase r=l0.65 (P≤0.01) and lactoferrin r=l0.66 (P≤0.01).
Highlights
Production and sale of milk and dairy products in modern conditions are most closely related to biosafety issues
As a result of the research conducted it was revealed that when using the milking equipment ADM-8A 4 out of 59 heads of cows had clinical mastitis that made 6.8% (Table 1)
It was found that the number of cows with mastitis during the year was different (Table 2)
Summary
Production and sale of milk and dairy products in modern conditions are most closely related to biosafety issues. The increase in the content of somatic cells in milk due to the growth in the number of leukocytes and the entry of microorganisms into the mammary alveoli signals that a cow has mastitis. In modern conditions, the requirements for the quality of milk for the content of somatic cells and microorganisms are increasing (Bortolami et al, 2015; Palii et al, 2019; Wolfenson et al, 2015). In this regard, breeders are interested in preventing mastitis in the udder of cows and improving the quality of milk. A comprehensive study of technological factors that significantly affect animals during milking is one of the pressing issues of modern animal husbandry
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