Abstract
Naturally, silica present in water feed in the range of 1-100 ppm. It is existed as silicic acid (H<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>3</sub>) which is a weak acid and dissociated at or below neutral pH [1,2]. The presence of silicic acid lead to form silica colloidal in water at neutral pH. But when pH exceeds the neutral, silicic can be dissociated and form silicate anion (SiO<sub>3</sub> <sup>2</sup>-), which can react with positive ions like calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese and aluminum to form insoluble silicates [3].
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