Impact of oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos in male rats: The ameliorating effect of rutin and vitamin E

Moustafa A Abbassy Moustafa A Abbassy,Awatef S Mansy Awatef S Mansy,Hoda M Nasr Hoda M Nasr

doi:10.30574/wjbphs.2020.2.3.0033

Moustafa A Abbassy Moustafa A Abbassy, Awatef S Mansy Awatef S Mansy + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2020.2.3.0033

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Abstract

The present study was designed to assess some toxicological effects in male rats following exposure to technical and formulated chlorpyrifos (CPF T. and CPF F.; at a dose of 10 mg a.i. kg-1 b.wt.) and to evaluate the possible ameliorative effect of Rutin (RT, 50 mg/kg) or Vitamin E (Vit.E, 100 mg/kg) administration. Nine groups of rats were designated for: control; [Vit.E]; [RT]; [CPF.T]; [CPF T.+Vit.E]; [CPF T.+RT]; [CPF F.]; [CPF F.+Vit.E] and [CPF.F+RT] treatments. Administration of CPF T. and CPF F. caused a significant increase in (LPO) level and decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, it caused a significant increase in serum aminotransferases, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and uric acid levels, whereas albumin, total protein and cholinesterase (ChE) were decreased. In contrast, the present results demonstrated that co-administration of Vit.E or Rutin minimized oxidative damage included by CPF as the levels of LPO, CAT, SOD, GST, GPx, GR, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, creatinine, uric acid, ChE, albumin and total protein were maintained to levels not significantly different from that of the normal control. These results suggest the protective role of Vit.E and Rutin in alleviating the oxidative stress and the toxicity induced by CPF in male adult rats.

Highlights

Human are potentially exposed to pesticides either directly, as workers in green-houses and in agriculture, or indirectly, via food consumption .Organophosphate compounds (OPs) are occasionally used indiscriminately in large amounts causing environmental pollution [1]; [2]; [3]
There was no significant changes in the activity of serum biomarkers alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) of Rutin - or Vit E - treated rats compared to control, while chlorpyrifos, CPF T. ; CPF F., treated rats showed significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in these biomarkers, indicating the occurrence of hepatic injury
Five antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were determined in the serum of CPF T. - and CPF F. - treated rats either with or without Vit.E or RT administration

Summary

Introduction

Human are potentially exposed to pesticides either directly, as workers in green-houses and in agriculture, or indirectly, via food consumption .Organophosphate compounds (OPs) are occasionally used indiscriminately in large amounts causing environmental pollution [1]; [2]; [3]. Organophosphate insecticides induced toxic effects causing damage to various membranous components of the cell. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate insecticide (OPI) used to control household, public health and stored product insects. It is effective against mushroom flies, aphids, spider mites, caterpillars, thrips and white flies in greenhouse, outdoor fruit and vegetable crops [4]. The mechanism of acute CPF toxicity involves generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration of antioxidant enzymes activity in the intoxicated rats. Endogenous H2O2 may be converted to H2O either by catalase or glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) Otherwise, it may generate a highly reactive free hydroxyl radical (-OH) via a Fenton reaction, which is responsible for oxidative damage. Antioxidants are defense against free radical and oxidative attacks.

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