Impact of isoflavons on biochemical and morphometric parameters of rats with alloxan diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Isoflavones (IF) of plant origin with antioxidant activity can also exhibit antidiabetic effects. The study of the antidiabetic effect of the kudzu root extract (Pueraria lobata) obtained using natural deep solvents and containing the isoflavones puerarin, genistein and daidzein in an amount of 40 mg / g of the extract was carried out. Sixty male Wistar rats were used in the experiment. Type 1 diabetes mellitus was simulated by intraperitoneal administration of alloxan solution at a dose of 170 mg / kg. The IF extract was administered intragastrically to diabetic and healthy animals at doses of 100 mg / kg and 200 mg / kg three times a week (12 injections in total). The administration of IF to diabetic rats was accompanied by the correction of hyperglycemia, an increase in glucose tolerance, the normalization of parameters of the functional state of various organs (AST, ALT, urea, total protein), promoted the restoration of the number of β-cells and the content of insulin in them, stimulation of the proliferative process in the pancreatic islets (the number of Ki67 + cells), and was accompanied by an increase in insulin content in blood plasma. Dose dependence was manifested in a more pronounced effect of the dose of IF 200 mg / kg on the restoration of the number of pancreatic islets, β-cells and proliferating cells in the islets and a more significant increase in the level of insulin in blood plasma compared with the dose of 100 mg / kg. When IF was administered to healthy animals, no deviations from the norm in the glycemic control and cytolysis parameters were detected, no changes were found in the islet apparatus, which indicates the absence of the toxic effect of IFs extracted using natural deep solvents.