IMPACT OF INJECTION DURATION AND INJECTION TIMING VARIATIONS ON TORQUE AND POWER OUTPUT OF THE KEN AROK URBAN CAR UTILIZING E100 ETHANOL

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Politeknik Negeri Malang (Polinema) actively participates in energy-efficient car competitions. Their team has developed an energy-efficient car named Ken Arok, competing in the urban concept MPD (internal combustion engine) ethanol class. This class emphasizes using an internal combustion engine as the driving force and ethanol as the fuel. Ken Arok secured 5th place in the competition due to challenges encountered with the programmable ECU mapping, particularly in the injection duration mapping. This research investigates the influence of the interaction between injection duration and injection timing variations on the output torque and power of the Ken Arok urban car fueled with E100 ethanol. An experimental approach was employed in this study. A modified motor, transformed into an energy-efficient urban car, was subjected to testing. The injection duration mapping was varied by increments of 2ms, with values ranging from 2ms less than standard to 2ms more than standard. Similarly, the injection timing was varied by increments of 2 degrees, encompassing 2 degrees less than standard and 2 degrees more than standard. A dyno test tool measured the torque and power produced under these conditions. The primary goal of this research is to identify the optimal torque and power settings for the Ken Arok energy-efficient engine. The highest torque value recorded was 10.13 Nm, achieved at 6000 rpm when employing an injection duration mapping of 2ms more than standard (9.06 Ms) and an injection timing retarded by 2 degrees (358 degrees). The peak power output reached 8.7 HP at 6000 rpm under the exact injection duration mapping and timing settings. Furthermore, the interaction between injection duration and timing significantly impacted torque and power output. The research findings demonstrate that the interaction between injection duration and timing plays a crucial role in influencing the torque and power output of the Ken Arok urban car. The combination of an injection duration 2ms more than standard (9.06 Ms) and an injection timing retarded by 2 degrees (358 degrees) resulted in the highest torque (10.13 Nm) and power (8.7 HP) output.