Abstract
The occurrence of disasters has a great impact on the sustainable development of cities and regions. This makes the ability of urban economic system to deal with disaster risk and its ability to recover development after being disturbed by disasters become two important indicators to measure the economic resilience. Unlike the study of economic shocks, we identify sectors of the economy that are sensitive to disaster disturbances in urban systems. It is of great significance to explore the structure of economic activity which is related to improve the stability and driving force of urban economy resilience. This paper establishes the premise hypothesis according to the Urban Economy Basic Theory. The object is the structure of urban Basic and Non-Basic economic activities. Taking the Location Quotient as the observation index, the economic resilience level of disaster risk area was explored through the empirical study of Wenchuan earthquake. The results show that the Investment, Finance, Government Finance, Transportation and Social Welfare sectors are the endogenous drivers of the post-disaster economy, which can quickly stimulate economic recovery in the short term but lack of sustainability. Besides, the development of Industry, Retail Trade, Construction, Education and Health Care need to be driven by external support. In the short term, the growth rate is not significant, but it is the main driving force of long-term economic development after the disaster. On the other hand, Government Finance, Social Finance Investment, Construction, Transportation and Social Welfare departments have undergone reverse changes between Basic and Non-basic economic activities after the earthquake, indicating that the earthquake disaster has a subversive effect on the turbulence of regional economic structure. Therefore, on the basis of extending the perspective of economic resilience researches, this paper discusses the method for assessing urban economic resilience, and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve resilience in the disaster risk areas.
Highlights
With the rapid development of China's economy, the coupling relationship between frequent natural disasters and regional economic chain is deepening day by day
The adjustment of the economic structure and the reconstruction of the economic system are the important contents to improve the resilience of cities
Davies studied the influence of sector structure on the economic resilience of European countries, and the results showed that regions with high proportion of financial industry were more resilient, while regions with a large proportion of manufacturing industry were less resilient [20]
Summary
With the rapid development of China's economy, the coupling relationship between frequent natural disasters and regional economic chain is deepening day by day. The economic losses caused by disasters increases exponentially. Since the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, the impact of disasters on regional economic structure and growth model has become the focus of attention of governments and economists. Stands out in the concept of “smart city” and “sponge city”, and becomes the core content of constructing sustainable development of modern society. From the perspective of urban construction, architectural engineering design, infrastructure planning, social order management, and the cultivation of safety culture should be the focal points of resilient cities. The adjustment of the economic structure and the reconstruction of the economic system are the important contents to improve the resilience of cities
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