Impact of Contact Constraints on the Dynamics of Idealized Intracranial Saccular Aneurysms.

Manjurul Alam,Padmanabhan Seshaiyer

doi:10.3390/bioengineering6030077

Abstract

The rupture potential of intracranial aneurysms is an important medical question for physicians. While most intracranial (brain) aneurysms are asymptomatic, the quantification of rupture potential of both symptomatic and asymptomatic lesions is an active area of research. Furthermore, an intracranial aneurysm constrained by an optic nerve tissue might be a scenario for a physician to deal with during the treatment process. In this work, we developed a computational model of an idealized intracranial saccular aneurysm constrained by a rigid nerve tissue to investigate the impact of constrained nerve tissues on the dynamics of aneurysms. A comparative parametric study for constraints of varying length on aneurysm surface was considered. Our computational results demonstrated the impact of contact constraints on the level of stress near the fundus and provided insight on when these constraints can be protective and when they can be destructive. The results show that lesions with long contact constraints generated higher stress (0.116 MPa), whereas lesions without constraints generated less stress (0.1 MPa) at the fundus, which indicated that lesions with nerve constraints can be protective and less likely to rupture than the lesions without constraints. Moreover, lesions with point load on the fundus generated the highest stress (18.15 MPa) and, hence, they can be destructive.

Highlights

Intracranial aneurysms are common phenomena in cerebral vasculature and defined as the localized dilatations of the arterial wall that mostly happen at or near bifurcations in the circle of Willis [1,2,3,4,5,6]
One of the most serious complications of intracranial aneurysms is a rupture, which results in subarachnoid hemorrhage, a disastrous occurrence in the brain with a high mortality rate of 25% to 50%
Most intracranial saccular aneurysms are asymptomatic before rupture, some unruptured lesions do present symptoms when pressed against adjacent structures, such as nerve tissues [11]

Summary

Introduction

Intracranial aneurysms are common phenomena in cerebral vasculature and defined as the localized dilatations of the arterial wall that mostly happen at or near bifurcations in the circle of Willis [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Most intracranial saccular aneurysms are asymptomatic before rupture, some unruptured lesions do present symptoms when pressed against adjacent structures, such as nerve tissues [11]. An appropriate interaction modeling is required to predict the protective or destructive role of the nerve tissue on the aneurysm.

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