Impact of chlorpyrifos on cerebrum and cerebellum maturity in suckling rats

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to assess the effect of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on rat cerebral and cerebellar maturity during the suckling period. Female Wistar rats were given 0.2 g L−1 of CPF in drinking water, equivalent to 40 mg kg−1 of body weight day−1, from day zero until day ten after delivery. In treated pups, plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity was inhibited by 70%. Cerebrum and cerebellum acetyl-cholinesterase (AchE) activities were reduced by 71 and 75%, respectively. The results suggest that CPF was distributed in pup tissues through the milk of lactating mothers, resulting in inhibition of AchE activities. At age 10 days, the CPF-treated pups showed a 28% decrease in body weight, a 23 and 41% decrease in plasma free T3 and T4 levels and reduction in cerebral and cerebellar protein content by 36 and 38%, respectively. Consistent histological changes were found in the cerebellum of CPF treated pups, with the external granular layer being markedly developed, the Purkinje cell bodies being poorly differentiated and abnormally distributed into the internal granular layer.