Impact of buffalo’s milk on rat kidney exposed to noise

Abstract

Introduction: Noise is defined as unpleasant and unwanted sound. Noise exposure has been associated with numerous health effects in human and experimental animals. Milk has very high nutritional value. It has been reported that this compound has protective properties against some chemical-induced toxicity. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the protecting impact of buffalo’s milk on noise produced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty adult Wistar male rats were divided into 4 groups in random order (n=5). First group was used as control, second group have received buffalo milk (1 mL/d) for 2 weeks, third group exposed to noise for about 100 decibels (dB) (2 weeks and 4 hours daily), fourth group received buffalo’s milk (BM) (1 mL/d) 10 minutes before exposed to noise (100 dB for 4 hours daily) for 14 consecutive days. Around 24 hours later, all rats were killed because of overdose of sodium pentobarbital. Blood samples were collected and processed for evaluation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr). We removed kidney tissues, one part of the kidney tissue processed for determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) concentrations. Other parts were excised for histopathological observations. Results: The levels of BUN, Cr and MDA significantly increased, but the level of GSH markedly dropped in rats that exposed to noise in contrast to unexposed (control ) animals. Histopathological alterations were also noted in rat kidney exposed to noise. Administration of BM did not change biochemical parameters when compared to those in control values. However, giving BM prior exposure rats to noise markedly decreased the levels of BUN, Cr and MDA and increased the level of GSH when compared to those in non-pretreated noise exposed rats. BM also restored noise-induced morphological changes in rat kidney. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that exposed rats to noise-mediated kidney damage. BM showed a nephroprotective effect on noise caused oxidative stress and kidney dysfunction in rats