Abstract
A Petridish and hydroponic culture experiments were conducted at Crop Physiology Laboratory, Department of Crop Botany and Agriculture Chemistry Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from August to October 2011 to investigate the effect of aluminium on morphological characters and growth of wheat seedlings. The experiment comprised of two levels of aluminium concentrations viz., 0 μM (control) and 100 μM and five varieties viz; Kanchan, Shatabdi, Sourav, Bijoy (BARI-23) and Sufi (BARI-22). The experiment was laid out in two factors completely randomized design with three replications. Applications of 100 μM aluminium had a profound influence on hypocotyls and epicotyls length, germination percentages, and rootshoot length, fresh and dry mass production in wheat. Results indicated that germination percentage, hypocotyls and epicotyls length, root and shoot length, leaf length, leaf sheath length, plant height, fresh and dry mass plant were greater in control than aluminium stress conditions. It revealed that wheat seedlings are susceptible to aluminium stress. However, among the varieties, the reduction of dry mass under aluminium stress was minimum in Shatabdi followed by Kanchan showed that Shatabdi was more tolerant to aluminium stress than the other varieties namely Sourav, Bijoy (BARI-23) and Sufi (BARI-22). Sufi and Sourav were more susceptible to aluminium stress.
 SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 65-76 (2019)
Highlights
In tropical climates, aluminium toxicity is a main factor for crop performance under acid soils (Barcelo and Porchenrieder, 2002)
The longest hypocotyl length was recorded in the treatment combination of variety Kanchan with 0 μM aluminium at all growth stages (5.6, 8.6 and 10.7 cm for 4, 6 and 8 DAS respectively) followed by varietySufi with 0 μM aluminium (5.5 and 8.3 cm for 4 and 6 DAS respectively)
The highest hypocotyls length was observed in Kanchan 10.7 cm) while the highest epicotyls length was recorded in Shatabdi (12 cm)
Summary
Aluminium toxicity is a main factor for crop performance under acid soils (Barcelo and Porchenrieder, 2002). Aluminium is not a heavy metal (specific gravity of 2.55-2.80), it makes up about 8% of the surface of the earth and is the third most abundant element (ATSDR ToxFAQs for Aluminium). It is readily available for human ingestion through the use of food additives, antacids, buffered aspirin, astringents, nasal sprays and antiperspirants from drinking water, automobile exhaust, tobacco smoke, aluminium foil, aluminium cookware, cans, ceramics and fireworks. One of the major factors leads to decrease wheat yield is aluminium toxic soil due to unavailability of aluminium tolerant cultivars. The present research work was undertaken to screen out the resistant variety(s) among the selected varieties with the proper investigation of aluminium tolerance variability among the different wheat varieties and to know the mineral uptake variability of cultivars under aluminium stress
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