Impact of agromeliorative measures on the agrophysical properties of the soil

Abstract

In irrigated agriculture of the Turkestan region, due to improper implementation of agroreclamation measures and worn-out drainage systems, the level of mineralized groundwater increases, which leads to secondary salinization of soils, which negatively affects soil fertility and cotton yields. The introduction into production of modern integrated agro-reclamation technologies to improve the agro-reclamation conditions of soils, based on the rational use of irrigated land, is currently an urgent problem. The scientific and practical significance of the conducted research lies in the effective application of intensive agro-reclamation complex measures for the prevention of soil salinization processes in the Turkestan region in order to optimize the agrophysical properties of soils. Research methods – Experimental studies were carried out at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Cotton Growing and Melon Growing. All the methodological requirements for the method of laying field experiments according to the method of the Union, adopted in irrigation conditions for field and vegetation experiments with cotton, have been met. In the scientific work, studies were conducted to determine the yield of the domestic zoned cotton variety «Maktaaral-4017». In the results of the research work, it was found (var. 4) that when carrying out measures for deep loosening of the soil by 55 cm and laser planning of the soil, the volume mass of the soil (density) improves, i.e. in spring, the volume mass of the soil, on average in a layer of 0-30 cm, was 1.30 g/cm3, which improved by 0.008 g/cm3 compared to the control. Salinization trends are increasing in the soil conditions of the Turkestan region from year to year. Therefore, in the prevention of negative factors negatively affecting the land, reducing the salt content in saline lands and improving the conditions of gray soil, as well as in increasing the yield of cotton, these effective methods of intensive agro-reclamation are the value and practical significance of research work.