Ideological Base of Political Discourse

Abstract

This article deals with the concept of “political discourse”, “political language” and “political communication” in modern linguistics. As far as these terms are used as synonyms, the question arose about the differential features of these concepts, as well as about the role of the ideological system that underlies political discourse. The separation of the mentioned naming units in “language of politics” and “political language” seems to be quite qualifying, because the language of politics, considered as a working language in the framework of political activity, as well as the political language regarded as a specifically used common language for the purpose of manipulation and / or persuasion by the electorate, intercross and reflect the relations between politicians and the society and can change borders depending on from the communicative situation. Political communication is a broader concept and comprises all processes of information influence and interactions in politics related to the power struggle. Depending on the source of information impact, ways of perception and assimilation of informational content, as well as on the characteristics of the communication process itself, there are different types of political communication. At the same time, it is pointed out that an important component of political communication is a certain symbolic reality. As a synonym for political communication, political discourse is used, which should be considered in a broad sense. In this context it is supposed that political discourse includes a semiotic space containing a certain set of speech actions and genres specific to the political sphere. Essential to political discourse is ideology as a symbolic system, whose goal is not to reform the belief system, but to influence the actions of a person in favor of supporting a particular politician or party. The characteristics of the ideological basis of political discourse are singled out.