Identification of prospective sources of agronomically-valuable traits of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) among breeding lines in the condition of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

S.I Voloschuk,S.O Kovalchuk,N.A Kozub

doi:10.15421/2020_240

Abstract

The aim of work was the estimation of valuable traits of bread wheat breeding lines, obtained from interspecies crosses with wild Aegilops and Triticum species growing in a condition of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. We used the seed proteins electrophoresis in PAAG for confirmation of the presence of rye seed storage components in the wheat parental lines genomes. The biochemical compositions of seeds had determined by the infrared spectroscopy method. As a result of researching from the set of 600 breeding lines were selected best lines with increased grain yield from 1 m2, with high protein content in grain, disease resistance, and winter hardiness significantly exceeded the standard variety Polesskaya-90. All lines have high and moderate resistance against diseases: Powdery Mildew, Brown Rust, Septoria Blotch. Based on obtained data had selected breeding lines, which were promising sources of single and complex agronomically valuable traits for bread wheat breeding and genetic researches.

Highlights

Wheat is one of the most important crops, the study of which is of great practical interest
The crossing of the locally adopted bread wheat varieties with wild cereal species is efficient in expanding the variability of traits, and increasing adaptability of breeding material is the perspective direction in wheat breeding
As a result of the electrophoresis of storage proteins, six samples with wheat-rye translocation identified (Figure 1). It indicates the possibility of combining the wheat genome of rye components and the genetic material of other distant relatives

Summary

Introduction

Wheat is one of the most important crops, the study of which is of great practical interest. The natural way of origin and occurrence of hexaploid wheat focused the attention of scientists on the Identification of prospective sources artificial synthesis of the hybrids of bread wheat and wild species. With this aim were investigated the breeding lines of wheat obtained of interspecific crossings by the characteristic of the range of traits. The purpose of the study is to establish the breeding value of the source material of bread wheat created by interspecific hybridization, and to identify the most promising samples for individual economic and valuable characteristics and their combination for use in the breeding process

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Conclusion