Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to explore new core genes related to the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and core genes that can lead to the progression of PD. Methods The expression profile data of GSE42966, which contained six substantia nigra tissues isolated from normal individuals and nine substantia nigra tissues isolated from patients with PD, were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, followed by functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction. We then identified 10 hub genes and analyzed their expression in different Braak stages. Results A total of 773 DEGs were identified that were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways. Ten hub genes were identified through the PPI network, namely, GNG3, MAPK1, FPR1, ATP5B, GNG2, PRKACA, HRAS, HSPA8, PSAP, and GABBR2. The expression of HRAS was different in patients with PD with Braak stages 3 and 4. Conclusion These 10 hub genes and the metabolic pathways they are enriched in may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD. HRAS may have potential value in predicting the progression of PD.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurological disease resulting from the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra [1]
Researchers have confirmed that many genes are related to the occurrence of PD, including LRRK2 [4] and VPS35 [5], the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. ere is a lack of understanding of the key genes that can identify the progression of PD. erefore, it is important to identify new genes potentially involved in the manifestation and progression of PD. ese genes could serve as possible new targets for the treatment of PD
Braak staging is divided into six stages according to the degree of brain involvement in patients with PD. e gradual expansion of the disease from stage 1 to stage 6 indicates the progression of the disease [6, 7]. erefore, by analyzing the brain tissues of patients with PD with different Braak stages, we found that the hub genes have different expression levels in different stages; examining the expression of the hub genes could help predict disease progression in PD. rough the above methods, we found that Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways and identified 10 hub genes that may be related to the pathogenesis of PD, namely, GNG3, MAPK1, FPR1, ATP5B, GNG2, protein kinase A catalytic subunit (PRKACA), HRAS, HSPA8, PSAP, and GABBR2
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a severe neurological disease resulting from the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra [1]. As the second most common neurodegenerative disease, PD affects approximately seven million people worldwide [2]. Current research suggests that PD is caused by a combination of genetic and nongenetic factors [3]. Researchers have confirmed that many genes are related to the occurrence of PD, including LRRK2 [4] and VPS35 [5], the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. Ere is a lack of understanding of the key genes that can identify the progression of PD. Erefore, it is important to identify new genes potentially involved in the manifestation and progression of PD. Ese genes could serve as possible new targets for the treatment of PD Researchers have confirmed that many genes are related to the occurrence of PD, including LRRK2 [4] and VPS35 [5], the specific pathogenesis is still unclear. ere is a lack of understanding of the key genes that can identify the progression of PD. erefore, it is important to identify new genes potentially involved in the manifestation and progression of PD. ese genes could serve as possible new targets for the treatment of PD
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