Abstract
Studies involving antimicrobial-coated endotracheal tubes are scarce, and new approaches to control multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm on these devices should be investigated. In this study, five new P. aeruginosa bacteriophages from domestic sewage were isolated. All of them belong to the order Caudovirales, Myoviridae family. They are pH and heat stable and produce 27 to 46 particles after a latent period of 30 min at 37°C. Their dsDNA genome (ranging from ∼62 to ∼65 kb) encodes 65 to 89 different putative proteins. They exhibit a broad lytic spectrum and infect 69.7% of the P. aeruginosa strains tested. All the bacteriophages were able to reduce the growth of P. aeruginosa strains in planktonic form. The bacteriophages were also able to reduce the biofilm viability rates and the metabolic activity of P. aeruginosa strains in a model of biofilms associated with endotracheal tubes. In addition, scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed disrupted biofilms and cell debris after treatment of bacteriophages, revealing remarkable biofilm reduction. The lytic activity on multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilm indicates that the isolated bacteriophages might be considered as good candidates for therapeutic studies and for the application of bacteriophage-encoded products.
Highlights
Mechanical ventilation through an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube is a supportive intervention to critically ill patients and represents a risk factor for the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP; Haas et al, 2014)
Five new lytic bacteriophages against P. aeruginosa were isolated from domestic sewage and designated as vB_PaeM_USP_1, vB_PaeM_USP_2, vB_PaeM_USP_3, vB_PaeM_USP_18, and vB_PaeM_USP_25
According to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, all bacteriophages belong to the order Caudovirales and are members of the Myoviridae family
Summary
Mechanical ventilation through an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube is a supportive intervention to critically ill patients and represents a risk factor for the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP; Haas et al, 2014). VAP is the most common healthcare-associated infection in critically ill patients, involves high financial costs, and has negative prognosis VAP etiologies have been widely discussed, and the factors associated with its development include endotracheal tube biofilm formation which plays an important role as a reservoir for microorganisms (Nseir et al, 2011). Knowing the potential risk factor of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms on endotracheal tubes, interest in the development of antimicrobial-coated endotracheal tubes has emerged. New approaches to control multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa biofilm on endotracheal tubes should be investigated
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